1,192 research outputs found
Cross sections for production of closed superstrings at high energy colliders in brane world models
In brane world string models with large extra dimensions, there are processes
where fermion and antifermion (or two gluons) can annihilate producing a light
particle (e.g. gluon) carrying transverse momentum and a Kaluza-Klein graviton
or an excited closed string that propagates in the extra dimensions. In high
energy colliders, this process gives a missing momentum signature. We compute
the total cross section for this process within the context of type II
superstring theory in the presence of a D brane. This includes all missing
energy sources for this string theory model up to s=8M_s^2, and it can be used
to put new limits on the string scale M_s.Comment: 18 pages, 3 figures. Reference adde
Analyzing the Spread of Chagas Disease with Mobile Phone Data
We use mobile phone records for the analysis of mobility patterns and the
detection of possible risk zones of Chagas disease in two Latin American
countries. We show that geolocalized call records are rich in social and
individual information, which can be used to infer whether an individual has
lived in an endemic area. We present two case studies, in Argentina and in
Mexico, using data provided by mobile phone companies from each country. The
risk maps that we generate can be used by health campaign managers to target
specific areas and allocate resources more effectively.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figure
Search for the most stable massive state in superstring theory
In ten dimensional type II superstring, all perturbative massive states are
unstable, typically with a short lifetime compared to the string scale. We find
that the lifetime of the average string state of mass M has the asymptotic form
T < const.1/(g^2 M). The most stable string state seems to be a certain state
with high angular momentum which can be classically viewed as a circular string
rotating in several planes ("the rotating ring"), predominantly decaying by
radiating soft massless NS-NS particles, with a lifetime T = c_0 M^5/g^2.
Remarkably, the dominant channel is the decay into a similar rotating ring
state of smaller mass. The total lifetime to shrink to zero size is ~ M^7. In
the presence of D branes, decay channels involving open strings in the final
state are exponentially suppressed, so the lifetime is still proportional to
M^5, except for a D brane at a special angle or flux. For large mass, the
spectrum for massless emission exhibits qualitative features typical of a
thermal spectrum, such as a maximum and an exponential tail. We also discuss
the decay properties of rotating rings in the case of compact dimensions.Comment: 24 pages, 1 figure. Correction on lifetime of average stat
A Quintessence Scalar Field in Brans-Dicke Theory
It is shown that a minimally coupled scalara field in Brans-Dicke theory
yields a non-decelerated expansion for the present universe for open, flat and
closed Friedmann-Robertson-Walker models.Comment: Latex file, 9 pages, no figures; to be published in Classical and
Quantum Gravit
Gravitational waves from first order phase transitions during inflation
We study the production, spectrum and detectability of gravitational waves in
models of the early Universe where first order phase transitions occur during
inflation. We consider all relevant sources. The self-consistency of the
scenario strongly affects the features of the waves. The spectrum appears to be
mainly sourced by collisions of bubble of the new phases, while plasma dynamics
(turbulence) and the primordial gauge fields connected to the physics of the
transitions are generally subdominant. The amplitude and frequency dependence
of the spectrum for modes that exit the horizon during inflation are different
from those of the waves produced by quantum vacuum oscillations of the metric
or by first order phase transitions not occurring during inflation. A moderate
number of slow (but still successful) phase transitions can leave detectable
marks in the CMBR, but the signal weakens rapidly for faster transitions. When
the number of phase transitions is instead large, the primordial gravitational
waves can be observed both in the CMBR or with LISA (marginally) and especially
DECIGO. We also discuss the nucleosynthesis bound and the constraints it places
on the parameters of the models.Comment: minor changes in the text and the references to match the published
versio
Uncovering the Spread of an Infectious Disease with Mobile Phone Data
We use mobile phone records for the analysis of mobility patterns and the detection of possible risk zones of Chagas disease in two Latin American countries. We show that geolocalized call records are rich in social and individual information, which can be used to infer whether an individual has lived in an endemic area. We present two case studies, in Argentina and in Mexico, using data provided by mobile phone companies from each country. The risk maps that we generate can be used by health campaign managers to target specific areas and allocate resources more effectively. Finally, we show the value of mobile phone records to predict long-term migrations, which play a crucial role in the spread of Chagas disease.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativa (SADIO
Uncovering the Spread of an Infectious Disease with Mobile Phone Data
We use mobile phone records for the analysis of mobility patterns and the detection of possible risk zones of Chagas disease in two Latin American countries. We show that geolocalized call records are rich in social and individual information, which can be used to infer whether an individual has lived in an endemic area. We present two case studies, in Argentina and in Mexico, using data provided by mobile phone companies from each country. The risk maps that we generate can be used by health campaign managers to target specific areas and allocate resources more effectively. Finally, we show the value of mobile phone records to predict long-term migrations, which play a crucial role in the spread of Chagas disease.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativa (SADIO
Cosmological perturbations in warm inflationary models with viscous pressure
Scalar and tensorial cosmological perturbations generated in warm
inflationary scenarios whose matter-radiation fluid is endowed with a viscous
pressure are considered. Recent observational data from the WMAP experiment are
employed to restrict the parameters of the model. Although the effect of this
pressure on the matter power spectrum is of the order of a few percent, it may
be detected in future experiments.Comment: 20 pages, to be published in the Physcal Review
Detecting Areas of Potential High Prevalence of Chagas in Argentina
A map of potential prevalence of Chagas disease (ChD) with high spatial
disaggregation is presented. It aims to detect areas outside the Gran Chaco
ecoregion (hyperendemic for the ChD), characterized by high affinity with ChD
and high health vulnerability.
To quantify potential prevalence, we developed several indicators: an
Affinity Index which quantifies the degree of linkage between endemic areas of
ChD and the rest of the country. We also studied favorable habitability
conditions for Triatoma infestans, looking for areas where the predominant
materials of floors, roofs and internal ceilings favor the presence of the
disease vector.
We studied determinants of a more general nature that can be encompassed
under the concept of Health Vulnerability Index. These determinants are
associated with access to health providers and the socio-economic level of
different segments of the population.
Finally we constructed a Chagas Potential Prevalence Index (ChPPI) which
combines the affinity index, the health vulnerability index, and the population
density. We show and discuss the maps obtained. These maps are intended to
assist public health specialists, decision makers of public health policies and
public officials in the development of cost-effective strategies to improve
access to diagnosis and treatment of ChD.Comment: Proceedings of the 2019 World Wide Web Conference. May 13-17, 2019.
San Francisco, CA, US
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